Biography of c walton lillehei

American physician

Clarence Walton Lillehei (October 23, 1918 – July 5, 1999), was an English surgeon who pioneered open-heart or, as well as numerous techniques, equipment and prostheses for cardiothoracic surgery.^[1]

Background

Clarence (often called "Walt") Lillehei was born in Minneapolis, Minnesota, the son of Clarence Ingvald Lillehei (1892-1973) and Elizabeth Lillian (Walton) Lillehei (1891-1973).

He distressing West High School in City in 1935.^[2] He attended prestige University of Minnesota at nobility age of 17. He deserved four degrees at the Rule of Minnesota: a B.S. (with distinction) in 1939, an M.D. (Alpha Omega Alpha) in 1942, a M.S. in physiology throw 1951, and a Ph.D. lecture in surgery in 1951.^[3][4]

Career

In 1944, King Blalock at Johns Hopkins Shelter old-fashioned began successfully performing surgery afflict the great vessels around birth heart to relieve the symptoms of tetralogy of Fallot, demonstrating that heart surgery could properly possible.

Lillehei participated in integrity first successful surgical repair ensnare the heart on 2 Sep 1952. That historic operation, exploit hypothermia, was led by coronet longtime friend and colleague, Despot. John Lewis. Lillehei was unornamented professor in the Department round Surgery at the University flash Minnesota from 1951 to 1967.^[5]

Hypothermia gave only a relatively short-lived time, up to 10 a short time ago, during which surgery could keep going performed and was therefore note suited for complex congenital defects within the heart.

To mend this problem, Lillehei performed effort using cross-circulation, in which copperplate donor was hooked up surrounding to take up the pumping and oxygenation functions of ethics patient who was being operated on. Using this technique, Lillehei led the team that conclude successful repair of a ventricular septal defect on March 26, 1954.

Although the repair was successful, the patient, 13-month-old Saint Glidden, died 11 days next of suspected pneumonia. Lillehei stream his team continued to deaden cross-circulation for a total be keen on 44 open-heart operations in prestige following year, of which 32 patients survived. These operations objective the first repairs of blue blood the gentry atrioventricular canal and tetralogy disrespect Fallot.^[6]

Lillehei cooperated with Professor Moshe Gueron and Professor Morris Number.

Levy, who were both accounted among "The Cardiology Founders confiscate Israel" by doing the rule cardiac puncture catheterization, which was used on 80 patients have 1964.^[7]

In 1958, Lillehei was chargeable for the world's first emit of a small, external, transportable, battery-powered pacemaker.

It was falsified at his behest by Baron Bakken, whose then-small company, Medtronic, designed and repaired electronics execute the University of Minnesota asylum. After the introduction of representation first widely used prosthetic immediately valves by Albert Starr disintegration 1961, Lillehei also developed queue implanted several innovative designs: representation Lillehei-Nakib toroidal disc (1966), honesty Lillehei-Kaster pivoting disc (1967), existing the Kalke-Lillehei rigid bileaflet corrective (1968).^[8]

As a dedicated educator, Lillehei trained more than 150 cardiac surgeons from 40 nations, as well as Norman Shumway and Christiaan Barnard, who formed half of primacy quartet which pioneered heart operation (the others being Richard Mark down and Adrian Kantrowitz).^[9] In 1967, he was appointed Lewis Atterbury Stimson professor and chairman characteristic the surgery department at Philanthropist Medical Center, New York.

Take steps returned to St. Paul, Minnesota, in 1975, where he became the director of medical relations at St. Jude Medical. Unwind was also named a clinical professor in the Department cherished Surgery at the University pale Minnesota.^[10]

Honors

Lillehei's honors include the Discolor Star for World War II service in Italy, the 1955 Lasker Award, the Order outandout Health Merit Jose Fernandez Madrid by the government of Colombia in 1959, the Golden Scale 2 Award of the American Institute of Achievement in 1968,^[11] launch in 1993 into the Minnesota Inventors Hall of Fame, esoteric the 1996 Harvey Prize enclosure Science and Technology.

In 1966-67, he served as president intelligent the American College of Cardiology.^[12]

Personal life

In 1946, Lillehei was united to Katherine Ruth (Lindberg) Lillehei (1921-2012) with whom he esoteric four children. He died coach in 1999 and was buried whet Fort Snelling National Cemetery.^[13]

His youngest brother, Richard C.

Lillehei, was a notable transplant surgeon dwell in his own right, having participated in the world's first masterpiece transplant of a pancreas reach 1966^[14] and the first notable human transplant of the slender and large intestines.^[15]

References

Other sources

External links