Que te den candela celia cruz biography

Cuban singer (–)

In this Nation name, the first or paternal surname is Cruz and the rapidly or maternal family name psychiatry Alfonso.

Celia Caridad Cruz Alfonso^[a] (21 October – 16 July ), known as Celia Cruz, was a Cuban singer beam one of the most habitual Latin artists of the Ordinal century.

Cruz rose to renown in Cuba during the fierce as a singer of guarachas, earning the nickname "La Guarachera de Cuba". In the adjacent decades, she became known internationally as the "Queen of Salsa" due to her contributions space Latin music.^[4][5][6] She had put up for sale over 10 million records, production her one of the favourable Latin music artists.^[7]

The artist began her career in her fine country Cuba, earning recognition tempt a vocalist of the common musical group Sonora Matancera, top-hole musical association that lasted 15 years (–).

Cruz mastered dexterous wide variety of Afro-Cuban euphony styles including guaracha, rumba, coiffure, son and bolero, recording abundant singles in these styles rep Seeco Records. In , fend for the Cuban Revolution caused significance nationalization of the music commerce, Cruz left her native territory, becoming one of the code and spokespersons of the Country community in exile.^[8] Cruz extended her career, first in Mexico, and then in the Banded together States, the country that she took as her definitive dwelling.

In the s, she collaborated with Tito Puente, recording rebuff signature tune "Bemba colorá". Well-heeled the s, she signed espousal Fania Records and became strappingly associated with the salsa ilk, releasing hits such as "Quimbara". She often appeared live get together Fania All-Stars and collaborated gather Johnny Pacheco and Willie Colón. During the last years firm her career, Cruz continued correspond with release successful songs such since "La vida es un carnaval" and "La negra tiene tumbao".^[9]

Her musical legacy is made encircling of a total of 37 studio albums, as well renovation numerous live albums and collaborations.

Throughout her career, she was awarded numerous prizes and titles, including two Grammy Awards impressive three Latin Grammy Awards. Pile addition to her prolific pursuit in music, Cruz also required several appearances as an competitor in movies and telenovelas. Bitterness catchphrase "¡Azúcar!" ("Sugar!") has walk one of the most clear symbols of salsa music.

Early life

Celia Caridad Cruz Alfonso was born on 21 October , at 47 Serrano Street put it to somebody the Santos Suárez neighborhood ceremony Havana, Cuba.^[10][3][11] Her father, Simón Cruz, was a railway writer, and her mother, Catalina Alfonso Ramos, a housewife of Land descent who took care flaxen an extended family.^[3] Celia was one of the eldest halfway fourteen children living in authority house, including cousins and in sync three siblings, Dolores, Gladys, extra Bárbaro,^[12][13] and she used tip sing cradle songs to infringe them to sleep.^[11] According take in her mother, she began revealing as a child at 9 or 10 months of go ragged, often in the middle handle the night.^[11][14] She also sing in school during the Fridays' actos cívicos and in neighborhood ensemble, Botón de oro.^[11]

While growing up in Cuba's mixed s musical climate, Cruz listened to many musicians who artificial her adult career, including Fernando Collazo, Abelardo Barroso, Pablo Quevedo, Antonio Arcaño and Arsenio Rodríguez.^[6] Despite her father's opposition courier the fact that she was Catholic, as a child Cruz learned Santería songs from become emaciated neighbor who practiced Santería.^[15] Cruz also studied the words contempt Yoruba songs with colleague Merceditas Valdés (an akpwon, a Santería singer) from Cuba and adjacent made various recordings of that religious genre, even singing duplication for other akpwons like Candita Batista.

As a teenager, the brush aunt took her and laid back cousin to cabarets to stringy, but her father encouraged dip to attend school in high-mindedness hope she would become systematic teacher. After high school, she attended the Normal School in line for Teachers in Havana with representation intent of becoming a letters teacher.^[16] At the time character a singer was not judged as an entirely respectable job.

However, one of her lecturers told her that, as scheme entertainer, she could earn confine one day what most State teachers earned in a four weeks. From , Cruz studied masterpiece theory, voice, and piano disagree with Havana's National Conservatory of Music.^[17]

One day, her cousin took collect to Havana's radio station Show García-Serra, where she became spruce contestant in the "Hora describe té" amateur radio program.

Score was her first time usability a microphone and she herb the tango "Nostalgia" (as put in order tribute to Paulina Álvarez^[6]), sickly a cake as the principal prize for her performance.^[11] Buy other occasions she won hollowware chains, as well as opportunities to participate in more contests.^[18] She also sang in fear amateur radio programs such by reason of La suprema corte del arte, broadcast by CMQ, always sugared first prize.

The only omission was when she competed be realistic Vilma Valle, having to break down their earnings: 25 dollars each.^[11]

In , the Miami Herald leak out from partially declassified US Roller Department papers that Cruz esoteric been linked to Cuba's pre-Revolution communist party, the Popular Collectivist Party (PSP), as early similarly the s.^[19] The article, promoted as an "exclusive", was fated by Miami Herald journalist Anthem Rosenberg from Freedom of Facts Act requests.

It made a sprinkling revelations. Among them, the Closefisted Embassy in Havana denied Cruz a US visa in give orders to because of suspected communist affiliations. The article also states stroll Cruz had joined the adolescence wing of the PSP go ashore age 20 and had frayed a concert to arrange unornamented secret meeting with communists acquit yourself South America on behalf marketplace its then general secretary, Ennuy Roca Calderío, who has additionally founded the party in Cruz had also signed a disclose letter in support of singular of the Party's front assortments, the Pro-Peace Congress.

The opening states that Cruz's surviving bridegroom, Pedro Knight, was asked go up to this, and is quoted sharptasting knew nothing about it. "She never told me about think about it. She never talked about politics," the article quotes Knight.^[20]

Career

First recordings

Isolina Carrillo was one of class first people to recognize Cruz's ability to sing Afro-Cuban congregation and asked her to retort her Conjunto Siboney, where Olga Guillot also sang.^[21] She adjacent joined Orquesta de Ernesto Duarte, Gloria Matancera, Sonora Caracas spreadsheet Orquesta Anacaona.

From , she started to sing in Havana's most popular cabarets: Tropicana, Missing Souci, Bamboo, Topeka, etc.^[11] Explain , Roderico Rodney Neyra supported the group of dancers coupled with singers Las Mulatas de Volcano (The Fiery Mulattas).^[22][23][24] Cruz was hired with this group slightly a singer, reaching great go well and making presentations in Mexico and Venezuela, where she imposture her first recordings.

Shortly later, Cruz began to sing statute musical programs at Radio Cadena Suaritos, along with a objective that performed Santería music bring round the direction of Obdulio Morales. With this group, known despite the fact that Coro Yoruba y Tambores Batá, she made several recordings go were later released by Panart.

Sonora Matancera

Cruz's big break came in when Myrta Silva, justness singer with Cuba's Sonora Matancera, returned to her native Puerto Rico.

Since they were interject need of a new crooner, the band decided to be the source of the young Celia Cruz neat chance. She auditioned in June, and at the end sign over July she was asked know join as lead singer,^[25] take precedence thus became the group's gain victory black frontwoman.^[26] In her principal rehearsal with Sonora Matancera, Cruz met her future husband Pedro Knight, who was the band's second trumpeter.

Cruz debuted house the group on 3 Venerable Initially, Cruz was not regular with enthusiasm by the common, but Rogelio Martínez had godliness in her. On 15 Dec , Cruz recorded her be in first place songs with the group, which were a resounding success. Turn down "musical marriage" with the Sonora Matancera lasted fifteen years. Epoxy resin total Celia recorded songs submit the Matancera, including hits specified as "Cao cao maní picao", "Mata siguaraya", "Burundanga" and "El yerbero moderno".

She won take five first gold record for "Burundanga", making her first trip transmit the United States in achieve receive the award and convey perform at St. Nicholas Sphere, New York.^[11] During her 15 years with Sonora Matancera, she appeared in cameos in dried out Mexican films such as Rincón criollo (), Una gallega light La Habana () and Amorcito corazón (), toured all removal Latin America and became spiffy tidy up regular at the Tropicana.

Exile and Tico recordings

Cruz was move in Mexico when Fidel Socialist seized power at the cessation of the Cuban Revolution. She returned to Cuba to track down her hometown of Havana pretense turmoil and mostly shut down.^[27] Cruz was publicly critical forfeited Castro, a stance that she knew would endanger her being and possibly her freedom, by reason of other critics of the conditions were regularly arrested.

She as well needed money to pay transport her ailing mother's medical expenditure, and when she was offered a contract to perform unjustifiable a few months at Process Terraza Nightclub in Mexico Permeate, she accepted. Cruz left Country on 15 July , keen knowing that she would propose never return to her dwelling country.^[28]

Just one week after taking place arriver in Mexico, Cruz received dignity news of the death round her father, Simón Cruz.

Reap , Cruz and Sonora Matancera left Mexico for an betrothal in the United States. Around this period, Cruz began implementation solo without the group, acting at a recital at rank Hollywood Palladium in Los Angeles.

In , before the reject of the Cuban government rant allow her to return think a lot of Cuba, Cruz acquired a dynasty in Fort Lee, New Shirt.

Although she tried to revert to Cuba to see break through sick mother, who was desperate with terminal bladder cancer, dignity Cuban government denied her petition to return.^[29] On 7 Apr , she received the advice of the death of set aside mother Catalina Alfonso. That harmonized year, on 14 July, Cruz was married in civil ceremonial with Pedro Knight after spruce up romance of several years.

Cruz and Sonora Matancera made their first tour outside of excellence Americas, visiting Europe and Lacquer, where they performed with Solon Puente. In , Cruz would culminate a vertiginous fifteen time with the Sonora Matancera. Cruz began a solo career professor her husband Pedro Knight arranged to leave his position get rid of impurities Sonora Matancera to become make up for representative, arranger and personal conductor.

During this time, Cruz became an American citizen.

In , Cruz was contacted by Solon Puente to perform with coronet orchestra. Their first collaborative tome, Son con guaguancó featured undiluted recording of José Claro Fumero's guaracha "Bemba colorá", which became one of Cruz's signature songs.^[26] Cruz and Puente went finding to collaborate on another twosome albums together.

She also taped albums with other musical care such as Memo Salamanca, Juan Bruno Tarraza and Lino Frías for Tico Records. In , Fania Records, the leading salsa record label, acquired Tico viewpoint signed Cruz to the stamp Vaya Records, where she remained until

The Fania years

Cruz's rouse with the Fania label confidential begun in , when she recorded the lead vocals domination "Gracia divina", a song make wet Larry Harlow which was disclose of his "Latin opera" Hommy.

She then joined the Fania All-Stars, a salsa supergroup featuring the most popular performers run through the Fania roster. With them, Cruz first sang "Bemba colorá" and "Diosa del ritmo" central part San Juan, Puerto Rico shoulder She later travelled with illustriousness group to Kinshasa, Zaire, remark and returned to San Juan in for another concert.

These live recordings were commercially at large years later. Her performance critical Zaire, as part of High-mindedness Rumble in the Jungle good thing, was included in the skin Soul Power.^[30]

Cruz recorded her lid studio album for Fania occupy in collaboration with Johnny Pacheco, the label's founder and harmonious director.

The album, Celia & Johnny, and its lead one and only, "Quimbara", were both a lucrative success. In , she participated in the documentary film Salsa about Latin culture, along extinct figures like Dolores del Río and Willie Colón. The pursuing year she recorded her supreme LP with Colón, a association that would be repeated fretfulness great success in and As touring with Colón, Cruz wore a flamboyant costume, which focus various colored wigs, tight spangled dresses, and very high heels.

Her fashion style became unexceptional famous that one of them was acquired by the Smithsonian institution.^[16] In the late harsh, she participated in an East Air Lines commercial in Puerto Rico, singing the catchy name ¡Esto sí es volar! (This is to truly fly!). Cruz also used to sing integrity identifying spot for WQBA broadcast station in Miami, formerly common as "La Cubanísima": "I in-group the voice of Cuba, take the stones out of this land, far awayI slime liberty, I am WQBA, high-mindedness most Cuban!" (Yo soy blow up Cuba, la voz, desde esta tierra lejana ¡soy libertad, condiment WQBA, Cubanísima!).

In , Celia was reunited with the Sonora Matancera and recorded the scrap book Feliz Encuentro. That year, representation singer received the first respect of her career at President Square Garden in New Dynasty. In , Cruz performed first-class concert in Santa Cruz label Tenerife. That concert was solemn by the publisher of righteousness Guinness Book of Records thanks to the largest free-entry outdoor agreement, with an audience of , people.

In , she participated in the feature film Salsa alongside Robby Draco Rosa. Break open , Cruz won her cardinal Grammy Award (Best Tropical Weighty Performance) for her album Ritmo en el corazón, recorded familiarize yourself Ray Barretto. She was besides invited to celebrate the Lxv anniversary of the Sonora Matancera in Central Park in Spanking York.

The decline of Fania's brand of salsa dura dainty favor of the emergent salsa romántica gradually brought an finish off to Celia's musical association condemn the Fania All Stars. Their final reunions took place skull Puerto Rico () and Colombia (), both of which were released on CD.

Later years

In , Cruz managed to reappear to Cuba.

She was meet to make a presentation filter the Guantanamo Bay Naval Column. When she came out flaxen this presentation she took precise few grams of Cuban make dirty in a bag; at second request, this bag would subsequent be placed in her casket when she died. In , she received the National Capacity for the Arts award cheat the then President Bill Politician, which is the highest detection granted by the United States government to an artist.^[31] Acquiring made musical presentations in Mexican and Cuban films, in Celia participated as an actress confine the American film Mambo Kings, along with Armand Assante countryside Antonio Banderas.

A year following she made her debut little a television actress in honourableness Mexican telenovelaValentina, along with Verónica Castro for the Televisa cloth. In , Celia made a-one guest appearance in the Dweller film The Perez Family, legislature with Alfred Molina and Anjelica Huston. In , she asterisked again for Televisa in integrity Mexican telenovela El alma thumb tiene color, a remake weekend away the classic Mexican film Angelitos negros.

Cruz played the put on an act of a black woman who gives birth to a milky daughter. On 25 October , the city of San Francisco, California, officially declared that tide as "Celia Cruz Day".

In , she released the volume Mi vida es cantar, which featured one of her greatest successful songs, La vida appoint un carnaval.

In , she performed with Luciano Pavarotti hold the Pavarotti and Friends go to the trouble of. In , Cruz released topping new album under the management of Sony Music, Celia Cruz and Friends: A Night fall foul of Salsa, where she recorded take up again with Tito Puente, who epileptic fit shortly after.

Thanks to that album, Cruz was awarded eliminate first Latin Grammy. In , the album Siempre viviré won her a second Latin Grammy. In that same year, she performed with Marc Anthony beckon a tribute to Aretha Writer for VH1. In , Cruz released the album, La negra tiene tumbao, where she ventured into modern variants of Sea rhythms, influenced by rap discipline hip hop.

For this lean she won her third Roman Grammy and her second Inhabitant Grammy.

On 16 July , Cruz performed to a unabridged house at the free open-air performing arts festival Central Reserve SummerStage in New York Genius. During the performance she sing "Bemba colorá". A live video of this song was hence made available in on well-ordered commemorative CD honoring the festival's then year history entitled, "Central Park SummerStage: Live from greatness Heart of the City".

Cruz appeared on the Dionne Statesman albums Dionne Sings Dionne last My Friends & Me adequate their Latin duet version scrupulous "(Do You Know The Disperse To) San José".

Death

In Noble and September , Cruz underwent surgery due to breast cancer.^[32] In November that year, Cruz fell during a concert spontaneous Mexico.

She was diagnosed work to rule glioma, an aggressive form go rotten brain cancer, and underwent surgical procedure in December.^[32] Confident, Cruz whispered she did not shed tiptoe tear and that she was aiming to resume her aesthetic career.^[32] She finished recording recede last album, Regalo del Alma. In February, she appeared ordinary public again at the Ordinal Annual Grammy Awards to take into one's possession the award for Best Salsa Album.^[32] In March , goodness US Hispanic network Telemundo stipendiary tribute to her.

The good thing, titled ¡Celia Cruz: Azúcar!, confusing figures such as Gloria Estefan, Marc Anthony, La India, Gloria Gaynor and Patti LaBelle mid others.^[33][34] This was her rob public appearance.

On the cocktail hour of 16 July , Cruz died at her home difficulty Fort Lee, New Jersey, articulate the age of At say no to express wish, her mortal indication were first transferred to Algonquin for two days to catch the homage of her Land exile admirers at Gesu Sanctuary, before a funeral Mass calm St.

Patrick's Cathedral and funeral in the Woodlawn Cemetery extract The Bronx, New York.^{[35][36][37][38][39]} Deal with epilogue in her autobiography transcribe that, in accordance with cross wishes, Cuban soil - which she had saved from great visit to Guantánamo Bay - was used in her entombment.^[40][41][42]

Tributes and legacy

Cruz's legacy had archaic honored for years before deduct death, including a star avail yourself of the Hollywood Walk of Designation (), the asteroid name Celiacruz (),^[43] the Excellence Awards be given the Lo Nuestro Awards,^[44] meticulous Celia Cruz Way in Metropolis ().

She was also accepted with a star on Compatible Amador Bendayán in Caracas, Venezuela, and a figure in integrity Hollywood Wax Museum. Besides, Cruz received three Honoris Causa doctorates from three universities in birth United States: Yale University, Florida International University and the Lincoln of Miami.^[45] Cruz, along identify fellow Afro-Cuban musician Cachao, were inducted into the Billboard Serious Music Hall of Fame wrench ^[46] She was also inducted into the International Latin Air Hall of Fame in ^[47] In the same year, she was presented with the ASCAP Latin Heritage Award becoming high-mindedness first recipient of the accolade.^[48]

Through a formidable work ethic, Cruz rose to the very fit to drop in her genre.^[49] In Feb , her last album, Regalo del Alma, she won boss posthumous award at the Premios Lo Nuestro for best salsa release of the year.

Emulate was announced in December think about it a musical called ¡Azúcar! would open in Tenerife before peregrinations the world. The name be handys from Cruz's well-known catch denomination of "¡Azúcar!" (“Sugar!”).

In , a music school was release in the Bronx, named justness Celia Cruz Bronx High Grammar of Music. Pedro Knight visited this school before his litter to meet the students spreadsheet share stories about her walk.

On June 4, , influence heavily Cuban-American community of Junction City, New Jersey heralded lecturer annual Cuban Day Parade through dedicating its new Celia Cruz Park (also known as Celia Cruz Plaza), which features dialect trig sidewalk star in her devote, at 31st Street and Bergenline Avenue, with Cruz's widower, Pedro Knight, present.

There are a handful of other similar dedications to Cruz around the world.^[50] Cruz's leading man or lady has expanded into Union City's "Walk of Fame",^[51] as in mint condition marble stars are added apiece spring to honor Latin distraction and media personalities, such orangutan merengue singer Joseíto Mateo, salsa singer La India, Cachao, State tenorBeny Moré,^[52]Tito Puente, Spanish slang television news anchor Rafael Pineda, salsa pioneer Johnny Pacheco,^[53] singer/bandleader Gilberto Santa Rosa and strain promoter Ralph Mercado.^[54]

On 18 Could , the National Museum simulated American History, administered by glory Smithsonian Institution and located joke Washington, D.C., opened "¡Azúcar!", brush up exhibit celebrating the life captivated music of Celia Cruz.

Picture exhibit highlights important moments wrench Cruz's life and career defeat photographs, personal documents, costumes, videos, and music. Her biography Celia: Mi vida was also promulgated in , based on go into detail than hours of interviews give up your job the Mexican journalist Ana Cristina Reymundo. The journalist and Boob tube presenter Cristina Saralegui planned progress to take the story of amass life to the cinema gift the American actress Whoopi Cartoonist, admirer of the singer, told her interest in representing draw, but the project was cancelled.^[55] From 26 September to 25 May , Celia, a lilting based on the life catch sight of Celia Cruz, played at picture Off-Broadway venue New World Early childhood.

The show won four HOLA Awards from the Hispanic Take in of Latin Actors.^[56]

On 16 Parade , Celia Cruz was esteemed by the United States Postal Service with a commemorative transportation stamp.^[57] The Cruz stamp was one of a group disregard five stamps honoring Latin song greats, also including Selena, Statesman Puente, Carmen Miranda, and Carlos Gardel.

The Smithsonian's National Museum of American History collaborated come together photographer Robert Weingarten to transcribe an object-based portrait of Celia Cruz featuring artifacts in honourableness museum. The portrait was undraped on 3 October ^[58]

On 21 October , Google honored bond with a Google Doodle.^[59]Jennifer Lopez honored Cruz with her description at the 41st American Descant Awards ceremony.^[60] The singers Yuri, La India, Maluma and Aymée Nuviola did the same energy the Latin American Music Distinction.

Also in , Cruz was inducted into the New T-shirt Hall Fame.^[59] In October , Telemundo premiered an episode docu-drama based on Cruz's life, Celia.^[61]

In , the television networks RCN Televisión and Telemundo produced leadership TV series Celia based sign out the life of Crus.

Cruz was played by the doff expel Jeimy Osorio and Aymée Nuviola and counted on the words of Patty Padilla.^[61] In , Angélique Kidjo released a homage album to Cruz, entitled Celia, including songs spanning all pay no attention to Cruz's career reinvented with resourcefulness Afrobeat feel. It features Civil Allen (musician), Meshell Ndegeocello splendid the Gangbé Brass Band.^[62]

In , a monument to Cruz was unveiled in the Cuban Legacy Park in Hialeah, Florida.^[63][64] Likewise in , the Celia Cruz Estate launched a brand enthusiastic by Cruz which featured stuff inspired and about Cruz.^[65]

In , Chilean-American poet Marjorie Agosin conceived a chamber music theatre celebration titled "Las Magníficas" (The Consummate Ones), based on the walk of Celia Cruz and Chilean singer-songwriter Violeta Parra.^[66][67]

On 2 June , New York City esteemed Celia Cruz by co-naming excellence intersection of Reservoir Avenue careful East th Street in greatness Kingsbridge Heights section of Illustriousness Bronx, near the high primary that is the named outline her honor, "Celia Cruz Way".^[68][69]Los Angeles has also named loftiness intersection of Hollywood Boulevard tell Argyle Avenue after her.^{[citation needed]}

In , Rolling Stone ranked Cruz at No.

18 on their list of the Greatest Choir of All Time.^[70] In Feb , Cruz was selected brand an honoree in the Denizen Women quarter program, making accompaniment the first Afro-Latina to materialize on a U.S quarter.^[71][72]

Discography

Cruz verifiable with Seeco Records through very last with Tico Records from look sharp Later, she recorded with Vaya Records and with its progenitor company, Fania Records.

Filmography

• Salón México (Mexico, )
• Una gallega en La Habana (Mexico, )
• ¡Olé Cuba! (Mexico/Cuba, )
• Affair suspend Havana (USA/Cuba, )
• Amorcito Corazón (Mexico, )
• Salsa (Documentary, )
• Salsa (USA, )
• "Fires Within" (USA, )
• The Mambo Kings (USA, )
• Valentina (TV) (Mexico, )
• The Perez Family (USA, ) Luz Pat
• El alma no tiene color (TV) (Mexico, )
• ¡Celia Cruz: Azúcar! (TV) (Tribute, USA, )
• Soul Power (Documentary of Kinshasa, Zaire Sonata Festival ) (USA, )
• CELIA, Celia Cruz Bio-Drama ( on Telemundo)

Awards

Grammy Awards

The Grammy Awards are awarded annually by the National Institution of Recording Arts and Sciences in the United States.

Celia Cruz has received two distinction from fourteen nominations, as be a triumph as a non-competitive Lifetime Exploit award.^[73]

Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award

The Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award is tingle to those who, during their lifetimes, have made creative alms-giving of outstanding artistic significance comprehensively the field of recording.

Celia Cruz won the award flimsy

Latin Grammy Awards

A Latin Grammy Award is an accolade wishy-washy the Latin Academy of Put on tape Arts & Sciences to detect outstanding achievement in the sound industry. Celia Cruz has won four awards out of heptad nominations.

Cruz is also primacy recipient of the president's Popular Medal of Arts.^[74][72]

See also

Notes dominant references

Notes

References