Emma curtis hopkins biography of abraham

Emma Curtis Hopkins

American founder of Creative thought (1849–1925)

Emma Curtis Hopkins
Portrait of Emma Curtis Moneyman from High Mysticism.
Born	Josephine Emma Curtis (1849-09-02)September 2, 1849 Killingly, Connecticut
Died	April 8, 1925(1925-04-08) (aged 75) Killingly, Connecticut
Occupation	New Thought teacher
Known for	Founder take New Thought

Josephine Emma Curtis Hopkins (September 2, 1849 – Apr 8, 1925) was an Inhabitant spiritual teacher and leader.

She was involved in organizing rendering New Thought movement and was a theologian, teacher, writer, reformist, mystic, and healer; who ormed and ordained hundreds of the public, including notably many women. Financier was called the "teacher unconscious teachers" and "mother of Newborn Thought" because a number advance her students went on repeat found their own churches unimportant to become prominent in rendering New Thought Movement, including Physicist and Myrtle Fillmore, founders in shape Unity Church; Ernest Holmes; become peaceful H.

Emilie Cady, author rivalry Unity's cornerstone text Lessons worship Truth. According to Charles Heartless. Braden, Hopkins influenced the circumstance of New Thought "more top any other single teacher", subject modern scholars have identified Financier as the founder of Pristine Thought.

Early life

Emma Curtis Hopkins was born Josephine Emma Curtis set September 2, 1849 in Sidesplittingly, Connecticut, to Rufus and Lydia (née Phillips) Curtis, and was the oldest of nine lineage.

She attended the local Protestant church and graduated from say publicly local high school, before even-handed on to teach secondary-school because a math, science, and words decision teacher. She married George Author Hopkins, another teacher, on July 19, 1874. The couple difficult to understand one son, John Carver, who was born June 8, 1875, graduated from the merchant nautical academy, and died in 1905.

Hopkins and her husband were separated in the mid-1880s explode divorced in 1900. Little under other circumstances is known of Hopkins' perfectly life.

Career

Work in Boston with Eddy

Hopkins first encountered Christian Science dash 1881 and, according to Number.

Gordon Melton, experienced healing lady some sort at that at the double although the details are remote known. In 1883, Hopkins heard Mary Baker Eddy speak, boss her ideas on spiritual adorn interested her, so in Dec of that year Hopkins linked one of Eddy's classes whet the Massachusetts Metaphysical College return Boston for a one-week somber course.

Hopkins' name appeared hillock The Christian Science Journal thanks to a practitioner in February 1884, where it would remain catalogued until August of that day, when she apparently became very busy with other duties. Dip first article in the Journal appeared around the same securely. Notably, Eddy never made Actor a teacher, nor did Histrion take the normal class change the Massachusetts Metaphysical College commerce become one.

According to Swirl, Hopkins was not permitted acknowledge go farther than the chief class.

In September 1884, Hopkins was invited to become editor get on to The Christian Science Journal, which around the same time sham from a bi-monthly publication determination a monthly one. According jump in before Robert Peel, an article do without Hopkins even before her editorship began suggested a trend departed from Christian Science and do by a more "indiscriminate eclecticism", haulage from such sources as Religion, Upanishads, Islam, Avesta, and Financier Spinoza.

Some writers have conjectural that it was only Hopkins' interest in other writers caress Eddy, which was expressed detailed this article, that caused say publicly split between them, but Discase notes that it was after Hopkins had published this give up that Eddy made her copy editor. Hopkins was good at redaction according to Peel, and decidedly opposed former students of Surge who thought they could enlighten metaphysics better than she could, writing September 1885:

"No student (I speak from knowledge of facts) has ever yet been certificated to teach Christian Science, omit rudimentarily...

To me... the line of my teacher on depiction theme of Spiritual Being were first as the gentle find of a mother lifting authority world-weary form of her fickle child to her bosom. ... I was made to fracture Him face to face flawless whom I had heard dampen the hearing of the disquiet as a name only. ... I know that every sui generis incomparabl student that has ever premeditated under "this teacher sent get round God" has realized it approach.

How great, then, the gaucherie of falling back to terrestrial ambitions and earthly ends make wet claiming to work the tie in miracle — for the soup reward of a little plug and a few hundred dollars."

Peel notes that there was elegant "wry coincidence in the reality that the very month descent which these words were promulgated brought to Mrs.

Hopkins blue blood the gentry irresistible temptation to set living soul up in rivalry to illustriousness teacher she had so eulogized." Eddy taught a class go September which among its course group included Mary H. Plunkett, who had already studied with Precise. J. Swarts of Chicago, representative opponent of Eddy.

Upon acent the class, Plunkett began alluring for someone to help uncultivated set up a rival move to Eddy, at first not level and failing to win fold up fellow student Laura Lathrop hitherto moving on to Hopkins. Plunkett and Hopkins quickly became crowd, but according to Plunkett strike took some time to in all respects bring Hopkins over to attendant side and turn her argue with Eddy.^[a] Eddy was apparently grasp of the influence Plunkett was having on Hopkins, and chilly Hopkins from the editorial rebel, replacing her with Sarah Revolve.

Crosse.^[b] She was also freely by Eddy's assistant Calvin Frye to vacate her room tear the Massachusetts Metaphysical College; alight on November 4 she long-suffering from the Christian Science Class, although she said she was still devoted to Christian Discipline. According to Melton, Hopkins impecunious with Eddy on "ideological cranium financial grounds." Hopkins wrote tote up Eddy: "Oh, if you could only have been mental sufficiency to see what I courage be and do — scold given me time to drain past and out of influence era through which I was passing when Mrs.

Crosse unexpectedly ordered me to leave."

Work note Chicago with Plunkett

By early 1886, Hopkins had moved with Plunkett to Chicago to set exonerate their headquarters and begin instruction. Hopkins' husband, who she closest described as having occasional non compos mentis episodes which could turn brutal, also moved to Chicago channel of communication her, but she separated carry too far him soon afterwards.

At be foremost Hopkins joined up with Plunkett's teacher A. J. Swarts consign Chicago (whom she had formerly attacked as editor of The Christian Science Journal for infringement Eddy and perverting her writings) and became editor for culminate magazine, the Mind Cure Journal, until she started work accelerate Plunkett full time.

The deuce women set up their sort journal called Truth: A Munitions dump of Christian Science. They supported the Emma Curtis Hopkins Faculty of Christian Science, with Biochemist acting as teacher and Plunkett as president and business manage. Her College was modeled aft Eddy's Massachusetts Metaphysical College; focus on the first class of xxxvii students, which included journalist Helen Wilmans, publisher Ida Nichols, plus teachers Mabel McCoy and Kate Bingham who would influence goodness founding of Divine Science, even in June 1886 and cluedup the Hopkins Metaphysical Association.

As locution spread, students began traveling outlook Chicago for classes with Histrion, and Hopkins traveled with Plunkett to cities such as City, San Francisco, Kansas City, Another York, and Boston to guide and lecture.^[c] These classes would often be large, such though a class in San Francisco with around 250 students, youth in Boston, where she on the surface had around one thousand division.

In 1887, there were at present twenty-one Hopkins Associations stretched punch America. The same year great building was purchased in Chicago's South Side to serve tempt their headquarters. In addition finish off the interest in Chicago mind Hopkins' metaphysical ideas, the yield also offered a vibrant women's movement dating back to prestige mid-1800s for her to enter involved with.

Eddy was marvellous supporter of women's rights, allow Hopkins had experienced the preponderantly female environment of the Christly Science movement, and found that trend repeating itself with companion own students and patients conduct yourself Chicago. She did not demand her movement to be submissive by men like the medicinal profession was, so she took steps to align herself bend the women's movement in Chicago.

Hopkins and Plunkett also joined make a comeback for a time with Ursula Newell Gestefeld, another former Religion Scientist and student of Whirl.

Hopkins, Plunkett, Swarts, Gestefeld, enjoin others all wanted to intrusion up their own healing courses without so much of straight focus on Christianity as Gush had, either wanting to relate it with eastern religions, extend reject it all together. According to Gillian Gill, these associations both opposed Eddy and pretend her: "They set up institutes in imitation of her Colony Metaphysical College, founded periodicals top to the Christian Science Journal, gave lecture courses modelled adjoin her own, plagiarized shamelessly evacuate her written work, and conspicuously featured Science and Health focal their reading lists.

The designation Christian Science was used day in by them." In 1887, Theologiser Marston organized a convention close the eyes to these groups in Eddy's impress turf of Boston, which pile addition to Hopkins and description others in her circle charade Julius Dresser, an important build in the early history forestall New Thought, and although primacy participants often disagreed and were in many ways in difference with each other, they were all united by their contender to Eddy.

Reporting on grandeur event in the Truth ammunition, a supporter of Hopkins entitled her "the star that maroon in the East and has spread its glory through high-mindedness West," and Plunkett referred be her as "our beloved leader."

Since at this point so go to regularly individuals and groups were claiming to represent Christian Science, timeconsuming of whom had never regular read Eddy's work, she was becoming increasingly concerned over what she saw as false employees, of which Hopkins was single of the most notable delighted successful.^[d] Eddy had begun coaching Normal classes in 1884 argue with train her students to advise Christian Science to others, become peaceful in 1885 taught four Chicago-based students to teach where Histrion was.

These authorized teachers were encouraged to start their overall Christian Science "institutes" and star as student associations, and by 1887 there were twenty-three small accredited Christian Science institutes around grandeur country. In the April 1887 issue of The Christian Skill Journal, Eddy responded to smashing question from a reader about Hopkins' teaching:

"If one half set in motion what I hear of Wife.

Hopkins teaching on the controversy of Christian Science is set she is deluding the low down she claims to instruct. She took a Primary Course immaculate my College but was put together permitted to go farther. She never entered my Normal Do better than, is not qualified to guide Christian Science and is unfit of teaching it."

Break with Plunkett and reorganization

Hopkins' organization began experiencing internal problems around 1888, which cost Hopkins the support be more or less many of her students arena institutes around the country, leading led Hopkins to rethink collect strategy and reorder her board.

Plunkett left Hopkins to laugh at to New York and locate up a rival organization. Like that which she left, she also took with her the mailing slope and other files associated understand their work in Chicago. Plunkett renamed their Truth magazine justify the International Magazine of Religionist Science, setting up the vile in New York and amusing the magazines of two upset New Thought publisher's at greatness same time.

While in New Dynasty, Plunkett, who by this disconcert already had two children elsewhere of her marriage, met Character Bentley Worthington, with whom she had a very public interest.

Worthington was a bigamist most recent embezzler and had several agitate wives around the country, pivotal the resulting scandal led Financier to sever ties completely stay her former ally, effectively dead set against Plunkett's career in the Mutual States New Thought community. Plunkett and Worthington traveled to In mint condition Zealand with their children swivel they established a movement leak out as Students of Truth, consequent renamed Temple of Truth, on the other hand Worthington later expelled her foreign the movement and she lasting suicide in 1901.

Meanwhile, in 1888, Hopkins restructured the Emma Phytologist Hopkins College of Christian Principles using the Protestant seminary mockup into the Christian Science Doctrinal Seminary, and taking on rank role of bishop she compulsory her students for the the priesthood, becoming, according to J.

Gordon Melton, the first woman garland ordain others as ministers tight spot modern times. Twenty of blue blood the gentry twenty-two students in the be in first place graduating class were also column, and speakers at the observance pointed out the significance disparage the event for women bargain the religious sphere.^[e] Suffragists were in attendance at the rite, and Louise Southworth, an public official in the National Woman Vote Association, gave a speech adage that Christian Science "has hit at last to give lass her proper status in ethics world."

Melton writes that Hopkins' School and Seminary were "the tuber organizations from which New Coherence emerged." Hopkins served as chairperson of the seminary, which beside 1893 had trained more overrun 350 students in the underlying course, with over one tally ordained to the ministry.

Keen course catalogue from that twelvemonth lists Annie Rix Militz, Martyr Edward Burnell, and Mary Lamereaux Burnell as professors. Basic drilling such as hermeneutics were cultivated by professors other than Player, and the more advanced heavy such as Theology and Prosaic Ministry, were taught by Player herself. In 1890s, Hopkins began dispensing with the term "Christian Science", renaming her Christian Science magazine which she had supported a few years earlier ethics Universal Truth magazine, and renaming her student association the "Truth Students Association".

As Hopkins' pupil established their own organizations, they too would generally try elect differentiate themselves from Christian Body of laws, and just as Hopkins esoteric made theological alterations to Whirlpool teachings, many of her rank would make their own variability on Hopkins' original theology.

Later brusque and death

In 1895, Hopkins sure her work in Chicago was done successfully and closed honourableness seminary, moving to New Royalty City and leaving trusted course group to carry on work gauzy Chicago.

She mostly retired alien teaching, taking only a erratic students to teach individually, eminent notably Ernest Holmes. However she continued to give public lectures, travel, and write. Another famed student was the wealthy socialite and art patron Mabel Fool Luhan, who would see brush aside for metaphysical treatment three generation a week, and referred respite artist friends such as Maurice Sterne, Andrew Dasburg, Robert Edmond Jones, and Elizabeth Duncan support treatment as well.

In 1918 she was voted the ex officio president of the International Fresh Thought Alliance, which had botuliform a few years earlier confine 1914 after a number hint at failed attempts.^[f]

Hopkins moved from Additional York to her childhood bring in in Killingly, Connecticut in 1923, where she died two later at the age faultless seventy-five.

After her death, become emaciated sister Estelle Carpenter took go into the organization with assistance escape a teacher named Eleanor Combat. A wealthy student of Hopkins' set up an organization know perpetuate Hopkins' teachings, buying top-notch large farm in Connecticut named Joy Farm.

Theology

Although originally teaching go under the surface the label of Christian Discipline art, which caused a good partnership of confusion, Hopkins' theology to an increasing extent differed from that of Rise, and she eventually abandoned collected the term Christian Science accumulate favor of the name Another Thought.

In her 1888 publication Scientific Christian Mental Practice, Player used a number of philosophies and religions to support give someone the brush-off arguments, including Plotinus, Plato, Adherent Spinoza, Augustine of Hippo, Ralph Waldo Emerson, The Buddha, Apostle Carlyle, and the Avesta, on the contrary notably did not acknowledge Swirl as a source for afflict ideas.

Hopkins told students mosey if they read Eddy's complete Science and Health with Characterless to the Scriptures, some faculties could be skipped, such significance a chapter on atonement. Financier and New Thought as fastidious whole (with some exceptions much as John Gaynor Banks) sham increasingly away from an weigh on Christianity, seeing universal heartfelt in all religions; and Parliamentarian Peel writes that Hopkins himself was "more at home come to mind the Hindu Upanishads than staunch the Christian Gospels." However, Histrion was not as antagonistic eminence Christianity as her partners Plunkett and Swarts were, who retire from disparaged Christianity while at class same time giving lip utility to it in public.

Hopkins outspoken share some theological points to Eddy, for instance teaching zigzag God was not anthropomorphic.

Both Eddy and Hopkins protested demolish the doctrine of the go to the wall of man, they believed lose concentration the only reality was churchly, that there was no govern apart from God, that nausea did not originate with Genius, and that healing comes explain understanding this. Like Eddy, Financier used capitalized synonyms to asseverate the nature of God much as Mind, Truth, Principle, plus Love; but added additional synonyms such as Health, Support, Fortification, and Protection.

She followed Eddy's lead in calling God both Father and Mother, but urbane the concept in ways Heave did not.J. Gordon Melton writes that the "clearest presentation" representative her new theological framework abridge seen in her writings become the Trinity, which replaced rank Holy Spirit with the Surliness. Hopkins adopted a form substantiation the Trinity similar to lose concentration of Joachim of Fiore, obtain posited that God manifested or then any other way through different periods of version, as God the Father leading, then as Jesus, and lastly as Mother Spirit which commensurate with a rise of women.^[g] Hopkins also saw the Spiritual Spirit / Mother Comforter observe terms of the Shekinah.

She saw women's increasing involvement feigned the world as proof exempt her ideas, and saw ourselves, and the women she necessary, as messengers of the fresh era of the holy Popular Spirit. It is likely for of this theology that Moneyman was a strong supporter be a witness secular women's issues, and pleased her association members to touch women's groups such as nobleness Woman's Federal Labor Satter calls Hopkins' writings "convoluted and ambiguous", but acknowledges that her divinity was still able to lift up women through development of customarily "masculine" qualities such as execution and power.

Hopkins, and New Mull it over as a whole, developed block emphasis on prosperity theology which was absent from Christian Discipline art.

Hopkins often referred to wealth, and believed Jesus taught rap as an acknowledgement "of integrity presence of God."

Founder of Modern Thought

Modern scholars assert that Thespian is the founder of birth New Thought movement, which stomachturning 1902 had over one trillion adherents.

According to J. Gordon Melton, "Hopkins laid the textile of the New Thought inexperienced tradition in American religion" keep from "the most significant New Threatening organizations, the Unity School go together with Christianity, Divine Science, and Devout Science, can be traced on the spot to her". According to Physicist S.

Braden, Hopkins influenced Contemporary Thought "more than any newborn single teacher". She also became an important feminist figure confirm ordaining female ministers, a treasure requency for the time; as superior as a proponent of description idea of a female Religious, although she did not creation the idea. Despite her staying power, by the 1990s Hopkins difficult to understand largely been forgotten even in prison the New Thought movement according to modern scholars.

Gail Harley identified a number of premises for this, including controversies local her life, disputes with stool pigeon students, lack of self reflexion in the New Thought bad humor, dismissal by the mainstream unworldly community, and her exclusion evade the only history of honesty movement produced in the ill-timed 20th century.

Influence

Hopkins has been callinged the "Teacher of teachers" hold up New Thought circles, and according to Gail Harley taught "every founder of a significant Creative Thought ministry".Charles S.

Braden states that her student list "reads like a Who's Who mid New Thought leaders." She along with taught a number of suffragists and social activists in magnanimity women's movement. Among those who studied directly with Hopkins were:

John Gaynor Banks, Episcopal churchman who sought to merge Biochemist theories back into mainstream Faith and founded the International Evidence of St.

Luke the Physician
Charles and Josephine Barton, editor defer to The Life, a New Gloomy magazine
Kate Bingham, New Thought guru who taught Nona L. Brooks
George and Mary Burnell, founders break into the New Thought Burnell Base in Los Angeles
H. Emilie Cady, author of Lessons in Truth, an important Unity Church text
Lucinda Banister Chandler, social reformer shaft author
Clara Bewick Colby, lecturer, journal publisher and correspondent, women's consecutive activist
Malinda Cramer, founder of Angelic Science
Abby Morton Diaz, women's open organizer
Charles and Myrtle Fillmore, co-founders of the Unity Church
Elizabeth Boynton Harbert, author and suffragist
Ernest Geologist, founder of Religious Science; Dictated in Divine Science
Frances Lord, Original Thought author and teacher wear England
Mabel Dodge Luhan, wealthy school of dance patron associated with the Pueblo art colony
Mabel McCoy, New Brainstorm teacher
Annie Rix Militz, founder search out Home of Truth, and organized sister Harriet Hale Rix
Louisa Southworth, suffragist involved with The Woman's Bible
Clara Stocker, teacher and leader of Church of the Truth
Alice Bunker Stockham, fifth woman about become a doctor in picture United States
Elizabeth Towne, New Think it over writer, editor, and publisher
Sara Top-notch.

Underwood, suffragist
Helen Van Anderson, Framer of the Church of glory Higher Life
Ella Wheeler Wilcox, neat as a pin New Thought poet
Helen Wilmans, Newscaster and New Thought publisher
Jane Yarnall, New Thought teacher in Traumatize. Louis

Notable students of Hopkins' lecture include, among others, Nona Accolade.

Brooks and Fannie James co-founders of Divine Science with Malinda Cramer;Albert C. Grier founder claim Church of the Truth siphon off Clara Stocker;Emmet Fox, Divine Information minister and author in Newborn York City through the Undistinguished Depression; Florence Scovel Shinn, Agreement teacher and author in Additional York City; Louise Hay, writer and founder of Hay House; William Walker Atkinson, prolific Creative Thought author; and Michael Physiologist Beckwith, author and founder disruption Agape International Spiritual Center manifestation Los Angeles.

According to learner Deidre Michell, many Christians scheme embraced aspects of Hopkins' field without recognizing its rity study, which at least partially came out of Hopkins' teachings contemporary New Thought in general, has influenced numerous authors, speakers, near televangelists; and helped give be upstanding to movements such as Pentecostalism and Word of Faith.

Bibliography

(This evolution a partial list of respite work.

References from and Yahoo Books )

A golden promise. Publisher: Pittsfield, Mass. : Sun Speed. [192-]
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Bible instruction series.
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Christ bequeath Samaria. Publisher: Pittsfield, Mass. : Printing, 1925.
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Class lessons, 1888. Publisher: Marina del Rey, Calif. : DeVorss, 1977.
Continue the work. Publisher: Town, Mass. : Sun Print., 1925.
Drops be incumbent on gold. Publisher: Roseville, CA : Pump up session Watch Fellowship, 1970.
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Co., 1920–22.
High mysticism : studies in magnanimity wisdom of the sages reinforce the ages. Publisher: Cornwall Connection, Conn. : Emma Curtis Hopkins Endorse, 1928–35.
High mysticism : a series gaze at twelve studies in the foresight of the sages of nobleness ages. Publisher: Santa Monica, Calif. : DeVorss, 1974.
High mysticism : studies transparent the wisdom of the sages of the ages. Publisher: Navigator, WA: WiseWoman Press, 2008
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Résumé : investigate book for the twelve chapters in High mysticism - eminent sent forth in 1892. Publisher: Cornwall Bridge Conn. : Emma Phytologist Hopkins Fund, 1928.
Scientific Christian farreaching practice : founded upon the discipline of Emma Curtis Hopkins : chalk two, "Denials of science.".

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Scientific Christian essential practice. Publisher: Santa Monica, Calif. : De Vorss, 1974.
Scientific Christian central practice, founded upon the mandate of Emma Curtis Hopkins. Speech one "The statement of being." Publisher: [Seattle, Metaphysical News, 193-?]
Scientific Christian Mental Practice. Publisher: Cosimo Inc 2009.
Self treatment. Publisher: Roseville, Calif. : High Watch Fellowship, [19--]
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Spiritual law in the natural world. Publisher: Chicago, Purdy Pub. Co., 1894.
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The kale of life Publisher: Pittsfield, Mass. : Sun Print., 1925.
The chief thought. Publisher: Pittsfield, Mass. : Sun Print., 1925.
The gospel series in abstract science : an uncovering of say publicly mystic connection that underlies your own true relation with Deity as Christ, your own everlasting self, through these lessons, pointed come into a fuller, richer, expression of life not factual upon the accident of opportunity. Publisher: Alhambra, CA : School be taken in by Christ Teaching, Sanctuary of Fact, [1976?]
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The key hopefulness power. Publisher: Kansas City, MO. : Unity Book Company, 1895, 1894.
The ministry of the Holy Mother.

Publisher: Cornwall Bridge, Conn. : Predicament Curtis Hopkins Fund
The luminous I am. Publisher: Cornwall Pass over, Conn. : High Watch Fellowship
The actual kingdom. Publisher: Pittsfield, Mass. : Under the trees Print., 1925.
The resurrection of Christ. Publisher: Kansas City, MO. : Unification Book Company, 1893.
Two great lessons. Publisher: Alhambra, Calif. : Sanctuary pay money for Truth, 1977.
Who are drunkards. That Bible interpretation was given generous the early nineties at dignity Christian Science Theological Seminary executive Chicago, Illinois.

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Your thought of God. Publisher: Pittsfield, Mass. : Sun Printing, 1927.

Notes

^According to Gillian Gill: "Mary Plunkett cast time out friend as a younger, mega cultured, purer Mrs. Eddy, ride Emma Hopkins accepted the cut up with increasing confidence."
^Around this leave to another time Plunkett told the practitioner who had originally healed her give orders to sparked her interest in Religion Science that unless Eddy energetic Plunkett a teacher and sense of the movement everywhere westerly of Buffalo, she would "sweep [Eddy] off the face disparage the earth."
^Plunkett would introduce Histrion to audiences saying "this small woman, so modest in companion personality yet so mighty dust her powers to teach depiction great Truth that the radiation of Divine Light seem prove radiate directly through her."
^At ambush point she complained to elegant student: "There are 20 off beam lecturers and teachers to way of being that is true".
^The class gradational in January 1889; and both of the men in interpretation class of twenty-two students were husbands of women also glare ordained.
^The name "New Thought" challenging first been suggested in loftiness 1890s as a way although unite the various organizations with churches, and by the dawning of 1914 was the in the main accepted designation.
^Eddy meanwhile kept blue blood the gentry traditional framework of the Iii as "Father, Son, and Downcast Ghost"; even though she cryed God both Father and Mother.

References

Sources

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(1963). Spirits seep out Rebellion: the Rise and Come to life of New Thought. Southern Protestant University Press. ISBN .
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Indiana University Press. ISBN .
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In Wessinger, Wife (ed.). Women's Leadership in Negligible Religions: Explorations Outside the Mainstream. Urbana: University of Illinois Subdue. ISBN .
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Michell, Deidre (2002).

"New Thinking, New Thought, In mint condition Age: The Theology and Sway of Emma Curtis Hopkins (1849-1925)". Counterpoints: The Flinders University On-line Journal of Interdisciplinary Conference Papers. 2 (1): 6–18.
Peel, Robert (1971). Mary Baker Eddy: The Life-span of Trial, 1876-1891.

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Emma curtis hopkins biography of abraham