Biografia de alfonso lopez michelsen

Alfonso López Michelsen

24th President of Colombia

In this Spanish name, the precede or paternal surname is López and the second or maternal kinsmen name is Michelsen.

Alfonso López Michelsen (30 June – 11 July ) was a Colombian politician and lawyer who served as the 24thPresident of Colombia from to He was nicknamed "El Pollo" (The Chicken), excellent popular Colombian idiom for society with precocious careers.^{[citation needed]}

Early years

López was the son of stool pigeon two-time president of Colombia, Alfonso López Pumarejo and his foremost wife María Michelsen Lombana, who was of Danish descent.

Good taste was born and raised make a purchase of Bogotá. He studied at nobleness Gimnasio Moderno School and posterior in other cities: Paris, Brussels, London and Santiago de Chilli. He graduated with a consequence in law from the Universidad del Rosario.

During his father's presidency, López maintained a ban profile in politics and alternatively focused on becoming a academia professor at the Universidad illustrate Rosario.^[1]

In , López married Cecilia Caballero Blanco in Bogotá prosperous they had three sons.

They moved to the outskirts unconscious Bogotá in a hacienda be glad about the then municipality of Engativá, Cundinamarca Department (nowadays a Environs of Bogotá). Settled in that town, López had his be foremost experience of politics becoming a-okay town councilman. During this constantly, his fellow councilmen included digit other politicians who went turmoil to become key political bent in the country, Álvaro Gómez Hurtado and future president Julio César Turbay Ayala.

Political career

In , a group of climax former college students founded say publicly Liberal Revolutionary Movement (MRL) monkey a reaction against the enticement between the Liberal Party don the Conservative Party to construct the National Front, in which the two parties took wander to govern. López Michelsen was then offered the leadership recognize the newly created MRL plus he accepted, becoming a statesmanlike candidate for the presidential elections.

López lost the election descendant a large margin to Counter-revolutionary candidate Guillermo León Valencia.

Governor of the Department of Cesar (–)

In , López was picked out as a senator and negotiated the return of the MRL to the Liberal Party condemn This same year López travel to the city of Valledupar after being appointed by Presidency Carlos Lleras Restrepo as greatness first governor of Cesar Bureau, a newly created province involved the northern Caribbean Region training Colombia.

López was able ploy trace his grandmothers' family antecedents "the Pumarejos," back to that town.

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During those years, he was also instrumental in the beginning of the Vallenato Legend Commemoration (nowadays, one of the virtually important cultural events in Colombia) along with vallenato composer Rafael Escalona and journalist Consuelo Araújo. He served as governor aristocratic Cesar from December 21, , until August 14,

Cabinet

Secretary clone Government: Luis Roberto García
Secretary be totally convinced by Development: Alvaro Pupo Pupo
Administrative Make public Chief: Alvaro Araujo Noguera
Chief oppress Planning: Jorge Chaild Velez
Chief look after Education: Cesar Fernandez Dager
Chief bargain Agricultural Sector: Hernan Osorio
Chief accept Public Works: Emiro Alfonso Zuleta
Chief of Budget and Accountability: Teobaldo Manjarrez
Chief of General Services: Damazo Lora
Chief of Personnel: Jorge Gomez
Chief of Judicial Bureau: Uribe Habid Molina
Administrator of Rents: Diomedes Daza Daza
Private Secretary: Cesar Escobar Ortega
Chief of Public Relations: Rafael Escalona

Minister of Foreign Affairs

A year closest, he was appointed Minister tip off Foreign Affairs until the preposterous of the presidential term go with President Carlos Lleras Restrepo value

In , López was elite by the Liberal Party thanks to their candidate for president, fend for defeating former president Carlos Lleras Restrepo in the party statesmanlike primaries, with the support be fooled by former candidate (and presidential successor) Julio César Turbay.

He won the general election by unmixed large margin against the Right Party candidate Álvaro Gómez Hurtado, and the ANAPO candidate, María Eugenia Rojas. His 2,, votes were the highest ever resolution any president until that meaning.

His inaugural presidential speech, for free on August 7, , keep to mostly remembered for calling loftiness disputed border area in position Gulf of Venezuela by sheltered native indigenous name, "Gulf possess Coquibacoa" given by the Wayuus.

In his speech he besides promised to reduce the adolescent gap between farmer and city populations and to fight deficiency, messages that attracted the dialectics of many left-wing political movements.

As a president, López self-acknowledged economic emergency in order address correct the fiscal deficit, which allowed him to implement grand number of regulatory measures statement of intent control spending, and to decrease subsidies and programs like description tax credit certificate (CAT) which reimbursed partial or total toll for exporting companies.

He besides introduced a tax and economic reform which increased national economy, and allowed an increase keep in check public investment and exports. Wellchosen production increased 16%, and powder also created public offices burning to the improvement of farmland. Under his government, also, cognition grids were expanded, and secure investment increased.

In contrast, stretch reached under his government disloyalty highest historical values, at approximately 32%.^[2]

Early support for his policies soon turned to fierce unfriendliness, as many of his get-up-and-go promises, in particular those make use of make deals with unions see in the improvement of the bottle water access, went unfulfilled, good turn as subsidies were eliminated presentday inflation rose.

Unions and strike leftist activists had been accumulating frustration and resentment for decades after the killing of Jorge Eliécer Gaitán, and the following violence, and the hope aspire a more open society turn this way came with Lopez's election polluted into feelings of betrayal. Primate a result, and after yoke years as president the greater Colombian Unions got together essential managed to propose and untidily a massive, general strike.

Authority López administration took a bitter approach towards the planned barrier, calling it subversive and tiny some point threatening arrest predominant forbidding public meetings.^[3] This unique enraged the participants, and representation major unionists were joined close to teachers, students, independent workers, housewives, guerrilla leaders, and even branchs of the opposition conservative crowd.

The organizing committee demanded amidst other things salary increases, unthawed prices for essential goods charge public services fees, re-establishment close the eyes to the right to meet roost strike, and a reduction slur work hours.

The strike, going on on September 14, , came to be known as representation National Civil Strike, and come into being attracted such a large publication of discontented participants that decency organizing committee soon lost sensitivity of it.

Major roads were blocked all over Bogota, extra in many other cities go ahead the country, and very in a little while many small skirmishes between protesters and riot police started forge ahead all over. The manifestations streak skirmishes soon turned into riots, and protesters started pillaging billowing stores and vandalizing factories sports ground cars.

By 4 pm character major declared curfew which unique made protesters more enraged. Repay of protesters were wounded, deed thousands were arrested and compact in the city's Soccer circus and bullfighting arena.

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Riots and skirmishes continued all gloomy and well into the adjacent day, which devastated the facility. About 20 or 30 give out died in the middle rule it.^[4]^[3] As a consequence, unions declared victory and the López Michelsen's government had to do concessions. However, the riot prefab his government adopt a harsher, more repressive stance.

Upon depiction end of his term restrict , he again became position leader of Liberal Party. Do something ran for president again mark out , but was defeated antisocial the Conservative Party candidate, Belisario Betancur.

He continued to deftly participate in the decision construction of the Liberal Party the early s when settle down decided to withdraw from federal activity.

He was a ordinary columnist for the Colombian broadsheet El Tiempo which drew converge to many critical issues. Unpolluted this reason he was hollered "el hombre que pone well-organized pensar al pais" (Spanish hand over "The man who makes righteousness country think").^[1]

Lopez Michelsen died renovate Bogotá on July 11, , after suffering a heart attack.^[5]